Contents

Home

Introduction

Basics

Introduction to Cadences

Simple Prolongation

First Analysis

Decorations

More Prolongations

Analysis

Cadences 123+345

Sequences I

Cadence Variations

- Click on this icon to hear the musical examples!

Beethoven, Op. 10, No. 2

Beethoven's Sonata Op. 10, No. 2 is quite similar to the previous example. Once again we have rising arpeggios (these are a bit more decorated) and the 123+345 pattern is an important element of the music.

The top note of the first arpeggio is , and that of the next arpeggio is . Beneath this the bass is moving from to and then . appears at the start of bar 9, an octave lower than might otherwise have been expected. There is an octave shift in the upper line.

Along with the 123+345 pattern found in the arpeggiated chords, there is another layer here. In between the arpeggios are quieter chords. These create a tonic prolongation using passing notes and double neighbours.

The examples in this section are taken from a number of different musical settings. A wide variety of styles, textures, rhythms and tempi are used. In each case 123+345 pattern is a key structural element. A rich variety of music can be hung on this harmonic framework.